\listfiles
\documentclass{jarticle}
\usepackage{xcolor,booktabs}

\newlength{\basis}\setlength{\basis}{10cm} \newlength{\barlength}
\newcommand*{\Bar}[1]{%
  \setlength{\barlength}{0.01\basis}\setlength{\barlength}{#1\barlength}%
  \textcolor{black!40}{\rule{\barlength}{1.5ex}} #1\,\%}

\begin{document}

\begin{tabular}{@{}ll@{}}
\toprule
\multicolumn{2}{c}{General opinion on social differences in Germany (n=509)}\\
\midrule
\Bar{57}  & very large   \\
\Bar{23}  & large\\
\Bar{12}  & less large\\
\Bar{8}   & small\\
\bottomrule
\end{tabular}

\end{document}
